Isolate of cannabidiol (CBD) is an officially approved powerful cannabinoid that can be imported into Ukraine, freely sold and bought, and also used without a doctor's prescription (according to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers dated April 7, 2021 No. 324). Brain injuries (TBI) - this is one of the important indications for the use of cannabidiol. Even in peacetime, they are one of the most common types of human injuries - according to statistics, they account for up to 50% of all injuries. There is currently no effective treatment. According to* E. Shohami, a professor at the University of Jerusalem who specializes in researching brain injuries, cannabidiol is an effective neuroprotector for various pathologies and injuries. It improves functional recovery, including motor and cognitive function, and increases the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. CBD works because it is able to modulate the human endocannabinoid system. Cannabidiol is the main non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid from the cannabis plant, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, sedative and anti-nausea effects. Numerous studies have confirmed its therapeutic value in neuropsychiatry, neurodegeneration, treatment of post-traumatic stress and ischemic disorders. Cannabidiol has a so-called "dirty" pharmacology - it interacts with 65 molecular targets (see the publication https://bit.ly/3n7wz02 dated November 16, 2018). This explains the ultra-wide spectrum of its therapeutic possibilities. Cannabidiol is a universal modulator of the human endocannabinoid system (ECS). This means that he can both activate it and inhibit it in cases when it is hyperactive (it is interesting about this in the interview of E. Russo, the leading researcher of EKS - https://bit.ly/3n7wz02). For scientists, the benefits of this cannabinoid for physical and mental health are indisputable. A physician interested in a patient's well-being and improving their quality of life can find research-proven CBD dosages and interactions with other drugs. One of the ways cannabidiol affects the ECS is by preventing the breakdown of its own cannabinoid #2-AG. 2-arachidonoglycerol is a signaling lipid in the nervous system, a key regulator of neurotransmitter release. It is involved in a wide range of (patho)physiological functions, such as emotions, cognition, energy balance, pain and neuroinflammation. The cannabinoid 2-AG itself is very important because it performs several vital functions: 1) neuroprotection: 2-AG modulates excitotoxicity - a process that leads to damage and death of nerve cells under the influence of harmful neurotransmitters, for example, glutamate. To do this, 2-AG activates presynaptic cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) on nerve terminals, modifies neurotransmission, thereby suppressing the release of glutamate. 2) anti-inflammation: During the first minutes after an injury, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced (for example , tumor necrosis factor alpha), which trigger the inflammatory process in the brain. 2-AG suppresses the formation of these compounds by affecting the intracellular signaling pathway NF-kB - a key regulator of the inflammatory response. 2-AG binds to the type 1 cannabinoid receptor present on the NF-kB factor, thereby inhibiting the activation of the factor and the initiation of the immune response. Among the many mechanisms through which EKS modulates the immune response, the activation of the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) stands out. participation in the recruitment of leukocytes to the lesion site. This will be discussed in the next publication. The neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of endocannabinoids is also associated with their ability to activate PPAR receptors, which play an essential role in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development and metabolism. 3) vasorelaxation: Endothelial cells of the human brain have cannabinoid receptors CB1, CB2, and vanilloid TRPV1, and since 2-AG also works as a vasorelaxant, it can antagonize the potent vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1). Also, these receptors affect the work of the cerebral microvascular endothelium, take part in the regulation of cerebral blood flow and the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Scientists believe that EKS protects the cerebral microvasculature. The use of cannabidiol in adequate dosages and methods (in addition to internal injection or directly at the site of injury) significantly enhances the ability of 2-AG to perform its functions. The endocannabinoid system is a kind of conductor of many body systems when it comes to it is about its restoration and return to a state of equilibrium (homeostasis). Brain injuries are no exception, and there is growing scientific evidence that skillful exposure to the ECS can be an effective strategy for treatment. In the meantime, we offer to refresh knowledge about the effectiveness of cannabidiol when it comes to working with various brain pathologies: - the use of cannabidiol reduces the consequences of birth trauma https://bit.ly/3yxR7nt
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